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Obituary: MNRAS 64, 274 (1904); Obs. 26, 304 (1903); PASP 15, 209 (1903); Proc. Roy. Soc. 75, 313 (1905); AN 162, 354 (1903)
Common discovered 30 NGC objects visually with his 36" f/5.9 reflector at Ealing, UK. The mirror was made by George Calver and the telescope was erected in 1879, replacing the 18" reflector build in 1876. The 36" was later sold to Edward Crossley (Halifax) and was installed in 1895 at new Lick Observatory (Mt. Hamilton), than known as the "Crossley Reflector" (used by Keeler). Commons objects, which are all galaxies, are published in New Nebulae, Copernicus I, 50 (1882) and maybe found in 1880. In some cases different objects are refered by the same number (given by Common; second column).
Table 1: Common's discoveries
NGC |
No. |
Con |
Date |
Type |
Remraks |
| 3143 | 1 | HYA | 1880 |
galaxy |
|
| 3280 | 2 | HYA | 1880 |
galaxy |
= NGC 3295 (Leavenworth)
= IC 617 (Javelle)
|
| 3322 | 3 | SEX | 1880 |
galaxy |
= NGC 3321 (Leavenworth) |
| 3360 | 4 | SEX | 1880 |
galaxy |
|
| 3361 | 4 | SEX | 1880 |
galaxy |
|
| 3404 | 7 | HYA | 1880 |
galaxy |
= IC 2609 (Bigourdan)
|
| 3421 | 8 | HYA | 1880 |
galaxy |
= IC 652 (Javelle) |
| 3422 | 8 | CRT | 1880 |
galaxy |
|
| 3452 | 10 | CRT | 1880 |
galaxy |
|
| 3490 | 12 | LEO | 1880 |
galaxy |
|
| 3541 | 14 | CRT | 1880 |
galaxy |
|
| 3663 | 16 | CRT | 1880 |
galaxy |
|
| 3688 | 17 | CRT | 1880 |
galaxy |
Leavenworth |
| 3707 | 18 | CRT | 1880 |
galaxy |
Object not seen by Tempel
|
| 3723 | 19 | CRT | 1880 |
galaxy |
|
| 3730 | 20 | CRT | 1880 |
galaxy |
Leavenworth |
| 3763 | 21 | CRT | 1880 |
galaxy |
= IC 714 (Leavenworth)
|
| 3775 | 22 | CRT | 1880 |
galaxy |
|
| 3779 | 22 | CRT | 1880 |
galaxy |
= IC 717 (Muller)
|
| 3865 | 23 | CRT | 1880 |
galaxy |
= NGC 3854 (Leavenworth) |
| 3866 | 23 | CRT | 1880 |
galaxy |
= NGC 3858 (Leavenworth) |
| 3905 | 24 | CRT | 1880 |
galaxy |
Stone |
| 7528 | 26 | PEG | 1880 |
galaxy |
|
| 7594 | 27 | PEG | 1880 |
galaxy |
= IC 1478 (Bigourdan) |
| 7595 | 28 | PEG | 1880 |
galaxy |
|
| 7601 | 29 | PEG | 1880 |
galaxy |
|
| 7610 | 30 | PEG | 1880 |
galaxy |
= NGC 7616 (Common) |
| 7630 | 32 | PEG | 1880 |
galaxy |
|
| 7638 | 32 | PEG | 1880 |
galaxy |
= IC 1483 (Javelle) |
| 7639 | 32 | PEG | 1880 |
galaxy |
= IC 1485 (Javelle) |
Remarks: Some objetcs were discovered idependently (but later) by other observers or are identical to NGC/IC objects found later by other observers. In the case of NGC 3688 Dreyer mentions only Leavenworth, but this object is Common's No. 17. NGC 3707 is primarily credited to Tempel by Dreyer (who found the brighter NGC 3704; see Tab. 2), but Tempel has'nt seen the real NGC 3707, described by Common. Common's NGC 7616 (No.31; see Tab. 2) is identical with NGC 7610 (No. 30), so the former has been ommitted.
Table 2: Other objects found by Common in 1880, but discovered earlier by other othervers
| NGC |
No. |
Con |
Type |
Remarks |
| 3388 | 5 | LEO | galaxy |
= NGC 3425 (W.
Herschel)
|
| 3402 | 6 | HYA | galaxy |
= NGC 3411 (W. Herschel) |
| 3429 | 9 | LEO | galaxy |
= NGC 3429 (Marth)
|
| 3480 | 11 | LEO | galaxy |
= NGC 3476 (Marth) |
| 3537 | 13 | CRT | galaxy |
Tempel |
| 3636 | 13 | CRT | galaxy |
W. Herschel |
| 3636 | 13 | CRT | galaxy |
W. Herschel |
| 3704 | 18 | CRT | galaxy |
Tempel |
| 4240 | 25 | VIR | galaxy |
Tempel; = NGC 4243 (Swift)
|
| 7616 | 31 | PEG | galaxy |
= NGC 7610 (Common) |
Remarks: NGC 4240 was discovered by Tempel in 1876 and found again by Swift in 1886, now catalogued as NGC 4243 by Dreyer. Common's No. 15 is NGC 3636/7, found by W. Herschel (correctly credited by Dreyer).
36" f/5.9 Calver-Reflector at Ealing, UK
(later becoming the "Crossley-Reflector" at Lick)
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60" f/5.7 Reflector
(as later erected at Harvard College Observatory)
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