Francis Preserved Leavenworth

 

Obituary: MNRAS 89, 312 (1931); PASP 40, 413 (1928)

Together with Stone, Muller and Parrish, Leavenworth observed nebulae with the new 26¼" refractor (f/14.9), made by Alvan Clark & Sons (installed in 1885; see picture). He discovered 250 NGC- and 3 IC-objects. 243 are "real", 3 are stars or star groups, 10 are "not found" and IC 1308 is a HII region (Hubble X) in Barnard's galaxy NGC 6822.

Object
No.
Con
Date
Type
Rem
Ref
NGC 102 3 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 106 4 PSC 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 111 281 CET 1886 not found  
2
NGC 135 5 CET 1886 galaxy
IC 26 Javelle 1891
1
NGC 166 285 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 167 286 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 179 290 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 209 10 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 230 291 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 232 292 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 235 293 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 239 12 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 263 13 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 283 14 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 284 15 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 285 16 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 286 17 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 303 20 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 320 295 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 331 296 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 335 21 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 336 22 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 363 23 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 369 24 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 377 25 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 412 26 CET 1886 not found  
1
NGC 413 301 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 417 300 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 478 302 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 480 304 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 487 27 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 539 28 CET 1886 galaxy
NGC 563 Leavenworth
1
NGC 540 29 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 567 31 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 583 308 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 594 32 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 617 314 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 635 33 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 640 315 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 647 316 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 648 34 CET 1886 galaxy
IC 146 Javelle 1892
1
NGC 649 317 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 690 37 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 713 320 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 725 39 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 734 41 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 747 321 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 756 42 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 758 322 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 767 323 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 811 324 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 837 326 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 849 327 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 858 328 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 872 50 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 878 330 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 879 331 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 880 332 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 892 333 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 902 60 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 905 334 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 944 62 CET 1886 galaxy
IC 228 Javelle 1891
1
NGC 951 336 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 960 337 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 963 339 CET 1886 galaxy
IC 1808 Javelle 1903
2
NGC 966 340 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 985 341 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 989 51 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1033 344 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1034 55 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1064 345 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1071 346 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1074 63 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1075 64 CET 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1091 65 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1092 66 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1098 67 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1099 68 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1100 69 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1102 348 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1105 70 CET 1886 galaxy
IC 1840 Howe 1900
1
NGC 1110 349 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1119 72 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1120 73 ERI 1886 galaxy
IC 261 Javelle 1891
1
NGC 1133 350 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1139 75 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1150 76 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1151 77 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1157 78 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1158 79 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1163 80 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1180 82 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1181 83 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1185 353 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1188 89 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1189 90 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1190 91 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1191 92 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1192 93 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1203 85 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1204 86 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1206 355 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1221 356 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1223 357 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1225 358 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1228 359 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1229 360 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1230 361 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1231 97 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1234 362 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1258 364 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1262 99 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1263 100 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1296 365 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1314 367 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1328 368 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1347 369 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1368 107 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1372 108 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1388 109 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1391 373 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1394 374 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1402 376 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1403 375 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1405 110 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1413 111 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1414 377 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1422 379 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1429 381 ERI 1886 not found  
2
NGC 1430 380 ERI 1886 star  
2
NGC 1447 384 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1458 387 ERI 1886 not found  
2
NGC 1475 390 ERI 1886 star  
2
NGC 1486 393 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1547 126 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1561 127 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1562 128 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1563 129 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1564 130 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1565 131 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1583 132 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1584 133 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1610 396 ERI 1886 not found  
2
NGC 1630 398 ERI 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 1650 137 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1686 138 ERI 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1710 140 LEP 1886 galaxy
IC 2108 Bigourdan 1895
1
NGC 1821 147 LEP 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1906 148 LEP 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 1957 149 LEP 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 2211 150 CMA 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 2212 151 CMA 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 2890 154 HYA 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 2947 156 HYA 1886 galaxy
IC 547 Javelle 1892; IC 2494 Swift 1898, Howe 1900
1
NGC 3030 417 HYA 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3058 161/162 HYA 1886 galaxy
IC 573 Javelle 1892
1
NGC 3064 159 SEX 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 3127 164 HYA 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 3128 165 HYA 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 3133 419 HYA 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3138 420 HYA 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3139 421 HYA 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3140 166 HYA 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 3141 167 HYA 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 3290 422 HYA 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3296 174 HYA 1886 galaxy
IC 618 Javelle 1892
1
NGC 3297 175 HYA 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 3409 426 HYA 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3420 427 HYA 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3431 428 CRT 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3459 429 CRT 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3520 431 CRT 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3634 433 CRT 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3635 434 CRT 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3688 437 CRT 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3696 438 CRT 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3702 439 CRT 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3711 440 CRT 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3721 441 CRT 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3722 442 CRT 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3724 443 CRT 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3727 444 CRT 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3771 446 CRT 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3774 447 CRT 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3777 191 CRT 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 3789 448 CRT 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3942 451 CRT 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 3965 452 CRT 1886 not found  
2
NGC 4176 454 VIR 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 4201 455 VIR 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 4678 456 VIR 1886 galaxy
IC 824 Javelle 1893
2
NGC 4862 194 VIR 1886 galaxy
IC 3999 Bigourdan 1897
1
NGC 4863 195 VIR 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 4918 457 VIR 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 5036 458 VIR 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 5039 459 VIR 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 5420 200 VIR 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 5663 203 LIB 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 5664 204 LIB 1886 galaxy
IC 4455 Stewart 1899
1
NGC 5734 206 LIB 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 5741 207 LIB 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 5742 208 LIB 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 5743 209 LIB 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 5761 211 LIB 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 5793 213 LIB 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 5801 215 LIB 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 5802 216 LIB 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 5803 217 LIB 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 5815 219 LIB 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 5849 222 LIB 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 5880 224 LIB 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 5891 226 LIB 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 5978 229 LIB 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 6551 230 SGR 1886 4 stars  
1
NGC 6924 231 CAP 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 6931 232 CAP 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 6936 233 CAP 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 6985 234 AQR 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 6986 235 CAP 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 6993 236 CAP 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7016 237 CAP 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7017 238 CAP 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7018 239 CAP 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7019 240 CAP 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7030 241 CAP 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7105 242 CAP 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7115 243 PSA 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7157 244 PSA 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7164 465 AQR 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 7170 245 AQR 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7187 246 PSA 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7188 247 AQR 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7247 248 AQR 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7255 249 AQR 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7269 250 AQR 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7294 251 PSA 1886 galaxy
IC 5225 Swift 1899
1
NGC 7301 252 AQR 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7308 253 AQR 1886 galaxy
IC 1448 Javelle 1892
1
NGC 7310 254 AQR 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7341 255 AQR 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7359 256 AQR 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7365 257 AQR 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7381 258 AQR 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7596 262 AQR 1886 galaxy
IC 1477 Javelle 1892
1
NGC 7656 263 AQR 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7719 264 AQR 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7754 266 AQR 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7763 269 AQR 1886 galaxy  
1
NGC 7828 274 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
NGC 7829 275 CET 1886 galaxy  
2
IC 985 635 VIR 1887 galaxy  
3
IC 1084 693 LIB 1887 galaxy  
3
IC 1308 791 SGR 1887 galaxy part
in NGC 6822
3

 

Stone is mentiond by Dreyer as "observer" for the following objects. But they were found by others due to identities. NGC 563 was found twice by Leavenworth. The objetcs found by Swift in 1886 might be discovered nearly parallel. Opposite to Swift, Leavenworth gives no exact discovery date. It is not clear who found NGC 3502 = NGC 3479 first, Leavenworth or Stone.

Object
No.
Identity
Discoverer
Con
Type
Date (L)
Rem
Ref (L)
NGC 62 2  
Stephan 1883
CET
galaxy 1886  
1
NGC 481 303  
Swift Nov. 11, 1886
CET
galaxy 1886  
2
NGC 563 30 NGC 539
Leavenworth
CET
galaxy 1886  
1
NGC 1148 352  
Swift 1885
ERI
galaxy 1886  
2
NGC 1307 366 NGC 1304
ERI
galaxy 1886  
2
NGC 1455 386 NGC 1452
W. Herschel
ERI
galaxy 1886  
2
NGC 1471 116 NGC 1464
Swift Nov. 1, 1886
ERI
galaxy 1886  
1
NGC 1626 397 NGC 1621
Swift Dec. 22, 1886
ERI
galaxy 1886  
2
NGC 1730 141/142 IC 2113
Swift Oct. 9, 1886
LEP
galaxy 1886  
1
NGC 3007 158  
Stephan 1885
SEX
galaxy 1886  
1
NGC 3295 173 NGC 3280
Common 1880
HYA
galaxy 1886
IC 617 Javelle 1892
1
NGC 3321 423 NGC 3322
Common 1880
SEX
galaxy 1886  
2
NGC 3502 181 NGC 3479
Stone
CRT
galaxy 1886  
1
NGC 3730 445  
Common 1880
CRT
galaxy 1886  
2
NGC 3854 449 NGC 3865
Common 1880
CRT
galaxy 1886  
2
NGC 3858 450 NGC 3866
Common 1880
CRT
galaxy 1886  
2
NGC 5796 214  
Tempel 1884
LIB
galaxy 1886  
1
NGC 7759 267  
Swift Oct. 21, 1886
AQR
galaxy 1886  
1
IC 714 430 NGC 3763
Common 1880
CRT
galaxy 1887  
3

 

References: [1] List of Nebulas observed at the Leander McCormick Observatory, and supposed to be new, AJ 7, 9-14 (1886); [2] Second list of Nebulas observed at the Leander McCormick Observatory, and supposed to be new, AJ 7, 57-61 (1887); [3] Southern Nebulae, Publ. Leander McCormick Obs. 1, 173-241 (1915)

Leander McCormick Observatory with 26" Refractor