NGC/IC observers

Dr. Wolfgang Steinicke

2 February 2021

This is the most complete collection of data for 181 persons, contributing to the NGC/IC and mentioned by Dreyer (see here for a short German biography of John Louis Emil Dreyer). Most persons are discoverers, some are co-discoverers, listed in his column "other observers". A few names are from the notes or the table of "published figures" in the NGC.

597 photos are now online, showing persons, discoveries, observatories and instruments (just klick on the name). If you find errors, can fill gaps, or for any comment, please contact me. The columns are explained below the main table.

For persons who discovered (or re-discovered) an NGC/IC object a table like this is given in the sub-files (table is sorted by NGC- and IC-number):

D N NI Y M D Ap I T Discoverer Observer Name Con Type S ID Author Title Source List
1 N 6822 1884 8 17 6,0 Rr v     Barnard's Galaxy SGR IBm 1 IC 4895 (Wolf 16.7.1906) Barnard, E. E.    Sid. Mess. III, 254 (1884) 2
  N 7513 1883     5,0 Rr v Marth 24.9.1864     SCL SBb/P 1   Barnard, E. E. New Nebula Sid. Mess. II, 226 (1883-84)  
1 I 11 1892?     6,0 Rr p       CAS EN 8 NGC 281 (Barnard 16.11.1881) Barnard, E. E. Logbook (Lick Observatory)    
1 I 48 1888 11 30 12,0 Rr v       CET S0 1 IC 1577 (Barnard 30.11.1888) Barnard, E. E. Two Probably Variable Nebulae  AN [3097] 130, 7 (1892) a
  I 59 1894 2 6       Roberts 17.1.1890 Wolf 30.12.1893 γ Cassiopeiae Nebula CAS EN 2   Barnard, E. E. Photographic Nebulosities and Star Clusters Astr. & Astro-Phys. 13, 177-182 (1894) 3

"1" in the first column ("D") means that the object was discovered by the person (not regarding identities with other NGC/IC objects). If blank the true discoverer is named in the column 9 ("Discoverer"). "Observer" lists other persons which have independently found the object. Column "List" gives the object designation in the first source (R1). Column "ID" gives the identitiy with another NGC/IC object (plus discoverer and date). The other columns are described in the explanation to the Historic NGC/IC.

The historic information given for each person is based on my scientific research over the last decades. Concerning the NGC, the full historic background has been published in August 2010 as "Observing and Cataloguing Nebulae and Star Clusters - from Herschel to Dreyer's New General Catalogue" by Cambridge University Press (a german version is on the market since January 2009; see button "Publications"). See also the NGC/IC statistic table.

See here for current important anniversaries of NGC/IC observers.

All data are copyright by the author and, if used in a publication or in other datasets, must be credited properly (please inform me in this case).

Additional note: The "NGC Discoverer's List", first presented in Dec. 2006 by Bob Erdmann on the NGC/IC project website, is a mere copy of the data presented here. Sadly, Erdmann has not given the necessary acknowledgment for using my data!

Name First name P born Birthplace died NGC IC Observatory P Instruments P
Abbott Francis Preserved x 12.8.1799 Derby, UK 18.2.1883 f   Rossbank/Hobart, TAS x 4" Rr  
Aitken Robert Grant x 31.12.1864 Jackson, Cal. 29.10.1951   1 Lick, USA x 12" Rr, 36" Rr x
Aratos   x 315 B.C. Soli, GRE 245 B.C. 1   GRE   naked eye  
Archenhold Friedrich Simon x 2.10.1861 Lichtenau, GER 14.10.1939     Göttingen, GER   3" Rr  
Aristoteles   x 384 B.C. Stageira, GRE 322 B.C. 1   GRE   naked eye  
Al-Sufi Abd-al-Rahman x 7.12.903 Raj, Persia 25.5.986 1 1 Persia   naked eye  
Austin Edward P.   1843 USA 1906 3   Harvard, USA x 15" Rr x
Auwers Georg Friedrich Julius Arthur v. x 12.9.1838 Göttingen, GER 24.01.1915 1   Göttingen, GER; Königsberg, Ost-Preussen x 2.6" Rr; 6.2" Heliometer x
Bailey Solon Irving x 29.12.1854 Lisbon, New Hem. 05.06.1931   1 Arequipa, Peru x 1" Rr x
Baily Francis x 28.4.1774 Newbury, UK 30.8.1844 1   Slough, UK x 18.7" Rl x
Ball Robert Stawell x 1.7.1840 Dublin, IRL 25.11.1913 11   Birr Castle, IRL x 36" Rl, 72" Rl x
Baracchi Pietro Paolo Giovanni Ernesto x 25.2.1851 Florence, ITA 23.07.1926 2 5 Melbourne, AUS x 48" Rl x
Barnard Edward Emerson x 16.12.1857 Nashville, Tenn. 06.02.1923 17 143 Dyer/Nashville; Yerkes; Lick, USA x 5" Rr, 6" Rr; 10" Rr; 12" Rr, 36" Rr x
Baxendell Joseph x 19.4.1815 Bank Top, UK 7.10.1887 1   Birkdale, Southport, UK   6" Rr  
Bellamy Frank Arthur x 17.10.1863 Oxford, UK 15.02.1936     Oxford, UK x 12.2" Rr  
Bevis John   10.11.1695 Old Sarum, UK 6.11.1771 1   Stoke Newington, UK   3" Rr  
Bianchini Francesco x 13.12.1662 Verona, ITA 2.3.1729 f   Verona, ITA      
Bidschof Friedrich x 6.12.1864 Vienna, AUT 07.12.1915   2 Vienna, AUT x 27" Rr x
Bigourdan Guillaume x 6.4.1851 Sistels, FRA 28.02.1932 66 256 Toulouse; Paris, FRA x 12" Rr x
Block Eugen   15.4.1847 Baldonu, Latvia 12.05.1912 c   Odessa, Ukraine x 6.75" Rr  
Bode Johann Elert x 19.1.1747 Hamburg, GER 23.11.1826 4   Berlin, GER x Rr (3.5 ft)  
Bond George Phillips   20.5.1825 Dorchester, Mass. 17.2.1865 11   Harvard, USA x 4" Rr, 15" Rr x
Borrelly Alphonse Louis Nicholas x 8.12.1842 Roquemaure, FRA 28.02.1926 5   Marseille, FRA x 7.2" Rr x
Bradley James x 18.3.1693 Sherbourne, UK 13.7.1762 1   Oxford, UK   2.5" Rr  
Brisbane Thomas Makdougall x 23.7.1773 Ayrshire, Scot. 27.1.1860 c   Parramatta, AUS x 3.25" Rr  
Brorsen Theodor Johann Christian Ambders x 29.7.1819 Norburg, DAN 31.3.1895 1   Senftenberg (Zamberk), Böhmen   9.6" Rr  
Bruhns Carl Christian x 22.11.1830 Plön, GER 25.7.1881 1   Berlin, GER x Rr  
Burnham Sherbourne Wesley x 12.12.1838 Thetford, Vermont 11.03.1921 5 21 Dearborn; Lick; Yerkes, USA x 6" Rr, 18.5" Rr; 36" Rr; 40" Rr x
Burton Charles Edward   16.9.1846 Bernton, UK 9.7.1882     Birr Castle, IRL x 72" Rl x
Cacciatore Niccolò x 27.1.1780 Casteltermini, ITA 28.1.1841 1   Palermo, ITA x 3" Rr  
Cassini Giovanni Domenico x 8.6.1625 Perinaldo, ITA 14.9.1712 1   Paris, FRA x 5" Rr  
Cerulli Vincenzo x 20.4.1859 Teramo, ITA 31.05.1927   n Teramo, ITA x 16" Rr x
Chacornac Jean x 21.6.1823 Lyon, FRA 23.9.1873 1   Paris, FRA x 10" Rr  
Clemens Paul Ewald Felix Hugo   20.10.1862 Sorau, GER 22.12.1936     Potsdam, GER x 10.5" Rr x
Coddington Edwin Foster x 24.6.1870 Miami Co., Ohio 21.12.1950   1 Lick, USA x 6" Rr x
Coggia Jerome Eugene   18.2.1849 Ajaccio, Corse 15.01.1919 1   Marseille, FRA x 9.6" Rr x
Common Andrew Ainslie x 7.8.1841 Newcastle-on-Tyne, UK 02.06.1903 29   Ealing, UK x 36" Rl x
Coolidge Phillip Sydney x 22.8.1830 Boston, Mass. 19.9.1863 9   Harvard, USA x 15" Rr x
Cooper Edward Joshua x 1.5.1798 Dublin, IRL 23.4.1863 7   Markree Castle, IRL x 13.5" Rr x
Copeland Ralph x 3.9.1837 Woodplumpton, UK 27.10.1905 34   Birr Castle, IRL; Dun Echt, Scot. x 72" Rl; 6.1" Rr; 15.1" Rr  x
Cysat Johann Baptist  x 1587 Luzern, SWI 3.3.1657 c   Ingolstadt, GER      
Darquier Antoine de Pellepoix x 23.11.1718 Toulouse, FRA 18.1.1802     Toulouse, FRA   3.5" Rr  
d'Arrest Heinrich Louis x 13.7.1822 Berlin, GER 14.6.1875 306   Leipzig, GER; Copenhagen, DAN x 4.6" Rr, 11" Rr x
de Cheseaux Jean Phillippe Loys x 4.5.1718 Lausanne, SWI 30.11.1751 6 2 Lausanne, SWI x (14ft) Rr, (2ft) Rl  
Denning William Frederick x 25.11.1848 Redpost, UK 09.06.1931   17 Bristol, UK   10" Rl x
Dreyer Johann Louis Emil x 13.2.1852 Kopenhagen, Dan. 14.09.1926 16 1 Birr Castle, Armagh, Dunsink IRL x 72" Rl x
Duner Nils Christoffer x 21.5.1839 Billeberga, SWE 10.11.1914 1   Lund, SWE x 9.6" Rr x
Dunlop James x 31.10.1793 Dalry, Scot. 22.9.1848 269 10 Parramatta, AUS x 9" Rl  
Ellery Robert Lewis John x 14.7.1827 Cranleigh, UK 14.01.1908 f   Melbourne, AUS x 48" Rl x
Engelhardt Basilius v. [Vasily Pavlovich] x 29.7.1828 Smolensk, RUS 17.05.1915   1 Dresden, GER x 12" Rr x
Engelmann Friedrich Wilhelm Rudolf x 1.6.1841 Leipzig, GER 28.3.1888     Leipzig, GER x 6" Rr  
Espin Thomas Henry Espinall Compton x 28.5.1858 Birmingham, UK 02.12.1934   18 Tow Law, UK   17.25" Rl  
Ferrari Gaspare Stanislao   23.10.1834 Bologna, ITA 20.06.1903 14   Igantius Church/Rome, ITA x 9.5" Rr x
Finlay William Henry x 17.6.1849 Liverpool, UK 07.12.1924   4 Cape Town, SA x 6" Rr, 7" Rr x
Flamsteed John x 19.8.1646 Denby, UK 31.12.1719 1   Greenwich, UK x 9.7" Rr  
Fleming Williamina Paton Stevens x 15.5.1857 Dundee, Scotl. 21.05.1911   45 Harvard, USA x Spectroscope x
Frost Royal Harwood x 25.2.1879 Salem, Mass. 11.05.1950   444 Arequipa, Peru x 24" Rr x
Gale Walter Frederick x 27.11.1865 Sydney, AUS 01.06.1945   1 Sydney, AUS x 8.5" Rr x
Gothard Eugen v. x 31.5.1857 Herény, HUN 29.05.1909     Herény, HUN   10.25" Rl x
Gruss Gustav   3.8.1854 Jitschin, CZ 23.09.1922     Prag Univ. Obs., CZ   6" Rr  
Hagen Johann Georg x 6.3.1847 Bregenz, AUT 05.09.1930     Georgetown Coll. Obs., USA; Vatican Obs., ITA x 12" Rr; 16" Rr x
Hahn Friedrich v.   27.7.1742 Neuhaus, GER 9.10.1805     Remplin, GER x 18" Rl x
Hall Asaph x 15.10.1829 Goshen, Conn. 22.11.1907 1   US Naval/Washington, USA x 26" Rr x
Halley Edmond x 29.10.1656 Haggerston, UK 14.1.1742 2   Oxford, UK   Rr (24 ft)  
Harding Karl Ludwig x 29.9.1765 Lauenburg, GER 31.8.1834 1   Göttingen, GER x 4" Rr x
Harrington Mark Walrod x 18.8.1848 Sycamore, Ill. 05.01.1926 1   Ann Arbor, USA x 12.5" Rr x
Hartwig Carl Ernst Albrecht x 14.1.1851 Frankfurt, GER 03.05.1923 5   Strasbourg, FRA x 6.8" Rr, 18" Rr x
Helmert Friedrich Robert x 31.7.1843 Freiberg, Sachsen 15.06.1917 f   Potsdam, GER x 11.75" Rr  
Henry Paul-Pierre x 21.8.1848 Nancy, FRA 04.01.1905 1 1 Paris, FRA x 13" Rr x
Henry Mathieu-Prosper x 10.12.1849 Nancy, FRA 25.07.1903 1 1 Paris, FRA x 13" Rr x
Herschel Caroline Lucretia x 16.3.1750 Hannover, GER 9.1.1848 10   Datchet; Slough, UK x Rr, 4.2" Rl x
Herschel John Frederick William x 7.3.1792 Slough, UK 11.5.1871 1648 1 Slough, UK; Feldhausen, SA x 18.25" Rl x
Herschel John Lt   1837 Feldhausen, SA 31.05.1921 f   Bangalore, IND   4" Rr, 5" Rr  
Herschel Friedrich Wilhelm [William] x 15.11.1738 Hannover, GER 25.8.1822 2446 8 Bath; Datchet; Slough, UK x 6.2" Rl, 12" Rl, 18.7" Rl, 48" Rl x
Hind John Russell x 12.5.1823 Nottingham, UK 23.12.1895 3   Bishop's Obs./Regents Park, London, UK x 7" Rr x
Hipparchus   x 190 B.C. Nikaia, GRE 125 B.C. 2   Rhodos, GRE   naked eye  
Hodierna Giovanni Battista x 13.4.1597 Ragusa, Sizilien 6.4.1660 12   Ragusa, ITA   Rr  
Holden Edward Singleton x 5.11.1846 St. Louis, Missouri 16.03.1914 17   Washburn/Madison, Wisc. x 15.6" Rr x
Hough George "Jupiter" Washington x 24.10.1836 Tribes Hill, N.Y. 01.01.1909 4   Dearborn; Dudley, USA x 18.5" Rr x
Howe Herbert Alonzo x 22.11.1858 Brockport, N.Y. 02.11.1926   56 Chamberlin/Denver, USA x 20" Rr x
Hunter Samuel     IRL   2   Birr Castle, IRL x 36" Rl, 72" Rl x
Ihle Johann Abraham   14.6.1627 Leipzig, GER 1699? 1   Leipzig, GER      
Innes Robert Thorburn Ayton x 10.11.1861 Edinburgh, Scotl. 13.03.1933   13 Cape Town, SA x 6" Rr, 7" Rr x
Javelle Stephane x 16.11.1864 Lyon, FRA 03.08.1917   1347 Nice, FRA x 30" Rr x
Keeler James Edward x 10.9.1857 La Salle, Ill. 12.08.1900   7 Lick, USA x 36" Rl x
Key Henry Cooper x 1819 Hereford, UK 25.12.1879 f   Hereford, UK   18" Rl  
Kirch Gottfried x 18.12.1639 Guben, GER 25.7.1710 2   Potsdam, GER      
Kobold Hermann Albert x 5.8.1858 Hannover, GER 11.06.1942   37 Strasbourg, FRA x 18" Rr x
Koehler Johann Gottfried   15.12.1745 Gauernick, GER 19.9.1801 6   Dresden, GER   Rr (6ft), Rr (10ft), Rl (8ft)  
Krüger Karl Nikolaus Adalbert x 3.12.1832 Marienburg, GER 21.4.1896 f   Helsinki, FIN; Gotha, Kiel, GER x 7" Rr  
Lacaille Nicolas-Louis de x 15.3.1713 Rumigny, FRA 21.3.1762 23 3 Cape Town, SA   0.5" Rr x
Lalande Joseph-Jerome le Francois de x 11.7.1732 Bourg-en-Bresse, FRA 4.4.1807 c   Paris, FRA x    
Lamont Johann v. x 31.12.1805 Braemar, Scot. 6.8.1879 f   München, GER x 10.5" Rr x
Lamp Ernst   4.4.1850 Kopperpahl, GER 10.05.1901     Kiel, GER   8" Rr  
Langley Samuel Pierpont x 22.8.1834 Roxbury, Mass. 27.02.1906 1   Harvard, USA x 15" Rr x
Lassell William x 18.6.1799 Bolton, UK 5.10.1880 4   Liverpool, UK; Malta x 24" Rl; 48" Rl x
Laugier Paul August [Ernest] x 22.12.1812 Paris, FRA 5.4.1872 i   Paris, FRA x 15" Rr x
Leavenworth Francis Preserved x 3.9.1858 Mount Vernon, Ind. 12.11.1928 250 McCormick/Charlottesville, USA x 26" Rr x
Legentil Guillaume Hyazinthe x 11.9.1725 Coutances, FRA 22.10.1792 1   Paris, FRA x    
Le Sueur Adolphus Albert x 8.12.1849 UK 25.04.1906 f   Melbourne, AUS x 48" Rl x
Lohse J. Gerhard x 10.1.1851 Fünfhausen, GER 02.01.1941 15   Scarborough, UK   15.5" Rr x
Lohse Wilhelm Oswald x 13.2.1845 Leipzig, GER 14.05.1915 f   Potsdam, GER x 32" Rr x
Lunt Joseph   6.7.1866 Edgerton, UK 1940   7 Cape Town, SA x 18" Rr, 24" Rr x
MacGeorge E. Farie     AUS   f   Melbourne, AUS x 48" Rl x
Magellan Fernando de x 1480 Sabrosa, POR 27.4.1521     Ship   naked eye  
Mairan Jean-Jacques Dortous de x 26.11.1678 Beziers, FRA 20.2.1771 1   Paris, FRA x    
Maraldi Jean-Dominique x 17.4.1709 Perinaldo, ITA 14.11.1788 2   Paris, FRA x    
Marth Albert x 5.5.1828 Kolberg, GER 5.8.1897 578 1 Malta x 48" Rl x
Marius Simon x 10.1.1573 Gunzenhausen, GER 5.1.1625     Gunzenhausen   Rr  
Mason Ebenezer Porter   7.12.1819 Washington, Conn. 26.12.1840     New Haven, Conn.   12" Rl  
Mechain Pierre Francois Andre x 16.8.1744 Laon, FRA 20.9.1804 26   Paris, FRA x 3" Rr  
Messier Charles-Joseph x 26.6.1730 Badonviller, FRA 12.4.1817 38 1 Hotel de Cluny/Paris, FRA x 3.5" Rr, 7" Rl  
Mitchell R. J.     IRL   85 3 Birr Castle, IRL x 36" Rl, 72" Rl x
Muller Frank   10.9.1862 Va., USA 19.04.1917 79 12 McCormick/Charlottesville, USA x 26" Rr x
Oppenheim Samuel x 19.11.1857 Braunsberg, Mähren 15.08.1928 1   Vienna, AUT x 12" Rr x
Oriani Barnaba x 17.7.1752 Carignano, ITA 12.11.1832 1   Brera, Mailand, ITA x 3.6" Rr x
Palisa Johann x 6.12.1848 Troppau, Schlesien 02.05.1925 7 1 Vienna, AUT x 12" Rr, 27" Rr x
Parrish N. M.     USA     5 McCormick/Charlottesville, USA x 26" Rr x
Parsons Lawrence, 4. Earl of Rosse x 17.11.1840 Birr Castle, IRL 30.08.1908 35   Birr Castle, IRL x 36" Rl, 72" Rl x
Parsons William, 3. Earl of Rosse x 17.6.1800 York, UK 31.10.1867 2   Birr Castle, IRL x 36" Rl, 72" Rl x
Pechüle Carl Frederick x 8.6.1843 Copenhagen, DAN 28.05.1914 2 3 Copenhagen, DAN x 11" Rr x
Peek Cuthbert Edgar x 30.1.1855 UK 08.07.1901 f   Rousdon Observatory, Lyme Regis, UK x 6.4" Rr x
Peirce Charles Sanders x 10.9.1840 Cambridge, Mass. 19.04.1914 1   Harvard, USA x 15" Rr x
Peiresc Nicolas-Claude Fabri de x 1.12.1580 Belgentier, FRA 24.6.1637 1   Aix-en-Provence, FRA      
Peters Christian Heinrich Friedrich x 19.9.1813 Coldenbüttel, GER 18.7.1890 14   Litchfield Obs./Hamilton Coll./Clinton, N.Y.  x 13.5" Rr x
Petersen Adolph Cornelius   28.7.1804 Schleswig, GER 3.2.1854     Altona, GER   7" Rr  
Pickering Edward Charles x 19.7.1846 Boston, USA 03.02.1919 15 2 Harvard, USA x 15" Rr, Spectroscope x
Pigott Edward x 1753 Whitton, UK 1825 1   Frampton House, UK   5" Rl  
Pihl Oluf Andreas Löwold   5.12.1822 Stavanger, NOR 1.7.1895 f   Christiana, DAN   3.25" Rr  
Porter Jermain Gildersleve x 8.1.1852 Bufallo, N.Y. 14.04.1933     Cincinnati, USA x 12" Rr, 16" Rr x
Ptolemy Claudius x 87 GRE 165 1   Alexandria, Egypt   naked eye  
Rambaut William Hautenville x 13.4.1822 IRL 26.8.1893   Birr Castle, IRL x 36" Rl, 72" Rl x
Reinmuth Karl Wilhelm x 4.4.1892 Heidelberg, GER 06.05.1979     Heidelberg, GER x 6" Rr x
Roberts Isaac x 27.1.1829 Groes, North Wales 17.07.1904   34 Crowborough, UK x 20" Rl x
Rondoni Francesco         f   Roman Coll., ITA x 6" Rr x
Rümker George Friedrich Wilhelm x 31.12.1832 Hamburg, GER 03.03.1900 1   Hamburg (Millerntor), GER x 4" Rr  
Russell Henry Chamberlaine x 17.3.1836 West Maitland, AUS 22.02.1907 f   Sydney, AUS x 8.5" Rr x
Safford Truman Henry x 6.1.1836 Royalton, Verm. 13.06.1901 28 39 Harvard; Dearborn, USA x 15" Rr; 18.5" Rr x
Schaeberle Johann Martin x 10.1.1853 Öschelbronn, GER 17.09.1924   1 Lick, USA x 36" Rr x
Scheiner Julius x 25.11.1858 Köln, GER 20.12.1913 f   Potsdam, GER x 4" Rr  
Schmidt Johann Friedrich Julius x 26.10.1825 Eutin, GER 8.1.1884 16   Athens, GRE x 6.2" Rr x
Schönfeld Eduard x 22.12.1828 Hildburghausen, GER 1.5.1891 4   Bonn; Mannheim, GER x 3" Rr; 6" Rr x
Schultz Per Magnus Herman x 7.7.1823 Nygvarn, SWE 8.5.1890 12   Uppsala, SWE x 9.6" Rr x
Schwassmann Friedrich Carl Arnold x 25.3.1870 Hamburg, GER 19.01.1964   147 Heidelberg, GER x 6" Rr x
Schweizer Kaspar Gottfried x 16.2.1816 Wyla, SWI 6.7.1873 1   Moscow, RUS x 7" Rr  
Searle George Mary x 27.6.1839 London, UK 07.07.1918 6   Harvard, USA x 15" Rr x
Secchi Pietro Angelo x 29.6.1818 Reggio Emilla, ITA 26.2.1878 c   Ignatius church/Rome, ITA x 9.5" Rr x
Skinner Aaron Nichols x 10.8.1845 Boston, Mass. 14.08.1918 1 3 Dearborn, USA x 18.5" Rr x
Smyth William Henry x 21.1.1788 Westminster, UK 9.9.1865 f   Bedford, UK x 5.5" Rr x
Spitaler Rudolf Ferdinand x 7.1.1859 Bleiberg, AUT 16.10.1946   64 Vienna, AUT x 27" Rr x
Stephan Jean Marie Edouard x 31.8.1837 St. Pezenne, FRA 31.12.1923 430 22 Marseille, FRA x 31" Rl x
Stewart DeLisle x 16.3.1870 USA 08.02.1941   649 Arequipa, Peru; Cincinnati, USA x 24" Rr; 12" Rr, 16" Rr x
Stone Ormond x 11.1.1847 Pekin, Ill. 17.01.1933 87 8 McCormick/Charlottesville, USA x 26" Rr x
Stoney Bindon Blood x 13.6.1829 Oakley Park, IRL 05.05.1909 92 7 Birr Castle, IRL x 72" Rl x
Stoney George Johnstone x 15.2.1826 Oakley Park, IRL 05.07.1911 50   Birr Castle, IRL x 72" Rl x
Stratonov Vsevolod Viktorovich x 4.4.1869 Odessa, RUS 06.07.1938   1 Taschkent, USB   6" Rr  
Struve Otto Wilhelm v. x 7.5.1819 Dorpat, Estland 14.01.1905 11   Pulkowa, RUS x 15" Rr x
Struve Friedrich Georg Wilhelm v. x 15.4.1793 Altona, GER 23.11.1864 6   Dorpat, Estl.; Pulkowa, RUS x 9.6" Rr x
Swift Edward x 24.12.1870 Rochester, N.Y. 25.09.1935 24 20 Warner/Rochester, USA x 16" Rr x
Swift Lewis x 29.2.1820 Clarkson, N.Y. 05.01.1913 460 428 Warner/Rochester; Lowe/Echo Mtn., USA x 4.5" Rr; 12" Rr, 16" Rr x
Tempel Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht x 4.12.1821 Niedercunnersdorf, GER 16.3.1889 141   Marseille, FRA; Arcetri, ITA x 4" Rr; 9.4" Rr; 11" Rr x
Thome John Macon x 22.8.1843 Palmyra, Penns. 27.09.1908   5 Cordoba, ARG x 4.9" Rr  
Todd David Peck x 19.3.1855 Lake Ridge, N.Y. 01.06.1939 8 2 US Naval/Washington, USA x 26" Rr x
Trouvelot Etienne Leopold x 26.12.1827 Guyancourt, FRA 22.4.1895 f Harvard; US Naval/Washington, USA x 15" Rr, 26" Rr x
Tucker Richard Hawley x 29.10.1859 Wiscasset, Me 31.03.1952     Lick, USA x 36" Rr x
Turner Joseph x 2.7.1825 Dumfries, Scotland 25.8.1883 f 5 Melbourne Obs., AUS x 48" Rl x
Tuttle Horace Parnell x 17.3.1837 USA 81.923     Harvard; US Naval/Washington, USA x 4" Rr; 26" Rr x
Valentiner Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Johannes x 22.2.1845 Eckernförde, GER 01.04.1931 f   Karlsruhe; Heidelberg, GER x 6" Rr x
Vespucci Amerigo x 9.3.1451 Florenz, ITA 22.2.1512 1   Ship   naked eye  
Vico Francesco de x 19.5.1805 Macerata, ITA 15.11.1848 f   Roman Coll., ITA x 6" Rr x
Vogel Hermann Carl x 3.4.1841 Leipzig, GER 13.08.1907 f   Leipzig, GER x 8" Rr x
Voigt Auguste   18.1.1828 Gevrey-Chambertin,FRA 12.03.1909 8 6 Marseille, FRA x 31" Rl x
Webb Thomas William x 14.12.1806 Tretire, UK 19.5.1885 c 1 Hardwick, UK   9.38" Rl  
Wendell Oliver Clinton x 7.5.1850 Dover, N.H. 05.11.1912     Harvard, USA x 9" Rr, 15" Rr x
Wilson Herbert Couper x 24.8.1858 Northfield, Min. 09.03.1940   2 Goodsell/Northfield, Minn. x 16.2" Rr x
Winlock Joseph x 6.2.1826 Shelbyville, Kent. 11.6.1875 2   Harvard, USA x 15" Rr x
Winnecke Friedrich August Theodor x 5.2.1835 Groß-Heere, GER 3.12.1897 8   Göttingen, Berlin, GER; Pulkowa, RUS; Strasbourg, FRA x 3" Rr, 3.5" Rr, 4.5" Rr, 6.5" Rr, 9.6" Rr x
Wirtz Carl Wilhelm x 24.8.1876 Krefeld, GER 18.02.1939     Strasbourg, FRA x 18" Rr x
Wolf Charles Joseph Etienne x 9.11.1827 Vorges, FRA 04.07.1918 f   Paris, FRA   16" Rl, 47.2" Rl  
Wolf Maximilian [Max] Franz Josef Cornelius x 21.6.1863 Heidelberg, GER 03.10.1932   1112 Heidelberg, GER x 6" Rr, 16" Rr x
Young Charles Augustus x 15.12.1834 Hanover, N.H. 03.01.1908 1   Halsted Obs./Princeton, N.J. x 23" Rr x
.

Explanations of columns

Column Explanation
Surname The country-specific spelling is used (especially for german persons)
First name The country-specific spelling is used (especially for german persons); bold = name by which one is called
P x = Photo available (person, instrument, observatory)
born, died Date in german style (dd.mm.yyyy)
Birthplace City, state or country
NGC, IC Number of discoveries from Historic NGCIC statistics. According to the status (S), only those objects are counted which are first observed by the person, taking into accout all identities (ID)!
c, f, i, n = only mentioned as co-discoverer, in table "figures", in the "introduction" or in the "notes"; no entry = otherwise relevant (see link)
Observatory observatory, country (bold = mentioned by Dreyer)
Instrument used for observation/discovery: Rr = refractor, Rl = reflector (bold = mentioned by Dreyer); something like "(14ft)" means 14 ft focal lengths.

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